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• It's logical. Sixty five percent of U.S. families own a second car, yet over 50 percent of urban trips last less than ten minutes perfect for Ev's. Eighty percent of all trips are within 10 miles or less in a traditional automobile resulting in cold running motors that translate into excessive engine wear and more pollutants. Ev's are the right "tool" for most of our transportation jobs.
• It's easy! Say goodbye to annoying lines at the pump, oil stains, tune-ups, oil changes, radiator coolant, emissions tests, muffler replacements, transmission woes, and many other common headaches of today's "modern" combustion automobile.
• It's economical! Ev's offer an alternative to a second car's initial purchase price, maintenance, insurance and cost of operation represent a very real and stylish alternative to a traditional gas-powered automobile for those around-the-neighborhood trips.

An electric vehicle, or EV, is a vehicle with one or more electric motors for propulsion. This is also referred to as an electric drive vehicle. The motion may be provided either by wheels or propellers driven by rotary motors, or in the case of tracked vehicles, by linear motors.Unlike an internal combustion engine that is tuned to specifically operate with a particular fuel such as gasoline or diesel. An electric drive vehicle needs electricity which could come from sources such as batteries, fuel cells or a generator. This flexibility allows the drive train of the vehicle to remain the same, while the fuel source can be changed.
The energy used to propel the vehicle may be obtained from several sources, some of them more ecological than others:

• on-board rechargeable energy storage system (RESS), called Full Electric Vehicles (FEV). Power storage methods include:
  o chemical energy stored on the vehicle in on-board batteries: Battery electric vehicle (BEV)
  o static energy stored on the vehicle in on-board super capacitors
  o kinetic energy storage: flywheels
• direct connection to land-based generation plants, as is common in electric trains and trolley buses (See also : overhead lines, third rail and conduit current collection)
• renewable sources such as solar power: solar vehicle
• generated on-board using a fuel cell: fuel cell vehicle
• generated on-board using nuclear energy: nuclear submarines and aircraft carriers
  It is also possible to have hybrid electric vehicles that derives energy from multiple sources. Such as:
• on-board rechargeable energy storage system and a direct continuous connection to land-based generation plants for purposes of on-highway recharging with unrestricted highway range
• on-board rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) and a fueled propulsion power source (internal combustion engine): including the diesel-electric locomotive and plug-in hybrid

Electric vehicles can include electric airplanes, electric boats, and electric mot Electric motive power started with a small railway operated by a miniature electric motor, built by Thomas Davenport in 1835. In 1838, a Scotsman named Robert Davidson built an electric locomotive that attained a speed of four miles an hour. In England a patent was granted in 1840 for the use of rails as conductors of electric current, and similar American patents were issued to Lilley and Colten in 1847.

Between 1832 and 1839 (the exact year is uncertain), Robert Anderson of Scotland invented the first crude electric carriage, powered by non-rechargeable Primary cells.
By the 20th century, electric cars and rail transport were commonplace, with commercial electric automobiles having the majority of the market. Over time their general-purpose commercial use reduced to specialist roles, as platform trucks, forklift trucks, tow tractors and urban delivery vehicles, such as the iconic British milk float.
Electrified trains were used for coal transport as the motors did not use precious oxygen in the mines. Switzerland's lack of natural fossil resources forced the rapid electrification of their rail network. One of the earliest rechargeable batteries - the Nickel-iron battery - was favored by Edison for use in electric cars.

Electric vehicles were among the earliest automobiles, and before the preeminence of light, powerful internal combustion engines, electric automobiles held many vehicle land speed and distance records in the early 1900s. They were produced by Baker Electric, Columbia Electric, Detroit Electric, and others and at one point in history out-sold gasoline-powered vehicles.
In the 1930s, National City Lines, which was a partnership of General Motors, Firestone, and Standard Oil of California purchased many electric tram networks across the country to dismantle them and replace them with GM buses. The partnership was convicted of conspiring to monopolize the sale of equipment and supplies to their subsidiary companies conspiracy, but were acquitted of conspiring to monopolize the provision of transportation services. Electric tram line technologies could be used to recharge BEVs and PHEVs on the highway while the user drives, providing virtually unrestricted driving range. The technology is old and well established (see : Conduit current collection, Nickel-iron battery). The infrastructure has not been built.

In January of 1990, General Motors' President introduced its EV concept two-seater, the "Impact," at the Los Angeles Auto Show. That September, the California Air Resources Board mandated major-automaker sales of Ev's, in phases starting in 1998. From 1996 to 1998 GM produced 1117 EV1s, 800 of which were made available through 3-year leases.
Chrysler, Ford, GM, Honda, Nissan and Toyota also produced limited numbers of Ev's for California drivers. In 2003, upon the expiration of EV1 leases, GM crushed them. The crushing has variously been attributed to 1) the auto industry's successful Federal Court challenge to California's Zero-emissions vehicle mandate, 2) a federal regulation requiring GM to produce and maintain spare parts for the few thousands EV1s and 3) the success of the Oil and Auto industries' media campaign to reduce public acceptance of electric vehicles.

A movie made on the subject in 2005-2006 was titled Who Killed the Electric Car? and released theatrically by Sony Pictures Classics in 2006. The film explores the roles of automobile manufacturers, oil industry, the US government, batteries, hydrogen vehicles and consumers, and each of their roles in limiting the deployment and adoption of this technology.
Honda, Nissan and Toyota also repossessed and crushed most of their Ev's, which, like the GM EV1s, had been available only by closed-end lease. After public protests, Toyota sold 200 of its RAV Ev's to eager buyers; they now sell, five years later, at over their original forty-thousand-dollar price.

Currently, only a few electric cars are commercially available, including:

• The REVA, manufactured in India since 2001 for the Indian market, then also commercialized in the UK (since 2003) and several other European countries (including Cyprus and Greece, Belgium, Germany, Spain and Norway.
• The Tesla Roadster, commercialized in the USA.
• Several smaller electric vehicles, most of which are only commercialized locally.
• One in particular is Hybridtechnologies out of North Carolina.